Kava kava is a traditional herbal drink which has been used for hundreds of years in parts of Oceania, including the islands of Polynesia, Micronesia, and Australia. It has a gentle sedative effect, yet unlike many pharmaceutical compounds, it does not cause drowsiness or impair mental clarity. The root and bark of the kava kava plant are ground with a small amount of water until it forms a moist tan to greenish mash; this mash is then combined with cold water for drinking. Because the active compound in kava kava, a chemical known as kavalactone, is destroyed by high temperatures, the use of cool or mild water is crucial in its preparation.
Kava kava can produce a sensation of relaxation, as well as mild euphoria. Users become more talkative and sociable, all while feeling more at ease. Depending on the potency of the drink, these effects can be felt within half an hour, and last up to eight hours. Moreover, users report deeper and more restorative sleep with the use of kava kava, as well as vivid dreams, all without grogginess upon waking. In addition, users of kava kava can also experience longer-term positive effects, including a feeling of mental sharpness and peacefulness, and patience.
Although kava kava is generally safe, it can cause problems when misused, just like any other substance. Kava kava side effects, particularly with chronic use, can include facial puffiness, skin rashes and scales, eye irritation, and reversible nerve impairment. Moreover, it is metabolized by the liver (like many other substances), and thus kava kava side effects can include potential liver toxicity, as well as interactions with a variety of substances, including alcohol, as well as both prescription and over-the-counter drugs, including anti-anxiety medications, anti-psychotic medications, anticonvulsants, and medications used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.
Two other natural anti-anxiety herbs/plants: